Scientists Discover New Method to Modify RNA Virus Genomes Using Enzymes

Scientists Discover New Method to Modify RNA Virus Genomes Using Enzymes

2023-10-02 01:06:23

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Using a cutting enzyme and an RNA repair enzyme to modify RNA virus genomes

A team of microbiologists at Montana State University has developed a direct approach to modify the genome of an RNA virus using a cutting enzyme and an RNA repair enzyme. This technique, described in Science Advances, offers a more efficient way to edit RNA compared to current approaches that involve transcribing RNA into DNA and back again.

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The researchers utilized a type III CRISPR system from Streptococcus thermophilus, a bacterium found in dairy products, to target specific RNA sequences for cutting. DNA splints were then used to bring the strands back together, which were rejoined using a viral ligase enzyme.

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In a test on a Sindbis virus, the team successfully made desired deletions in the RNA, resulting in the loss of fluorescence in the virus. The researchers believe that this technique could be valuable for RNA research efforts, including the study of viral functions and the development of therapies for RNA-based disorders.

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"Our technique opens new possibilities for understanding the functions of RNA and developing strategies to combat RNA-based diseases," said the research team.

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More information: Artem Nemudryi et al, CRISPR-based engineering of RNA viruses. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj8277

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